Ubukwazi lokhoI-Aluminiumyenza u-75% -80% wendiza yesimanje?!
Umlando we-aluminium embonini ye-aerospace ubuyela emuva. Eqinisweni i-aluminium yayisetshenziswa kwezokundiza ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe izindiza. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, u-Count Ferdinand Zeppelin wasebenzisa i-aluminium ukuze enze amafreyimu ezindiza zakhe ezidumile ze-Zeppelin.
I-Aluminium ilungele ukwenziwa kwezindiza ngoba ayisindi futhi iqinile. I-Aluminium cishe iyingxenye yesithathu yesisindo sensimbi, okuvumela indiza ukuthi ithwale isisindo esengeziwe noma yonge kakhulu kuphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana okuphezulu kwe-aluminium nokugqwala kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwendiza kanye nabagibeli bayo.
Amabanga Ajwayelekile E-Aerospace Aluminium
2024- Ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ezikhumbeni zendiza, izinkomo, izakhiwo zendiza. Futhi isetshenziselwa ukulungisa nokubuyisela.
3003- Leli shidi le-aluminium lisetshenziselwa kakhulu izinkomo kanye nokucwenga kwe-baffle.
5052- Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amathangi kaphethiloli. I-5052 inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu (ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zasolwandle).
6061- Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa amacansi okuhlalisa indiza nokunye okuningi kwesakhiwo esingesona esokundiza.
7075- Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa izakhiwo zezindiza. I-7075 iyingxubevange yamandla aphezulu futhi ingelinye lamabanga avame ukusetshenziswa embonini yezokundiza (eduze kuka-2024).
Umlando We-Aluminium Emkhakheni we-Aerospace
Abazalwane bakwaWright
Ngo-December 17, 1903, izelamani zakwaWright zandiza okokuqala emhlabeni ngendiza yazo, i-Wright Flyer.
I-Wright Brother's Wright Flyer
Ngaleso sikhathi, izinjini zezimoto zazinzima kakhulu futhi azizange zinikeze amandla anele ukuze zifinyelele ukuhamba, ngakho abazalwane bakwaWright bakha injini ekhethekile lapho i-cylinder block nezinye izingxenye zenziwe nge-aluminium.
Njengoba i-aluminium yayingatholakali kakhulu futhi ibiza kakhulu, indiza ngokwayo yenziwe ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu saseSitka kanye nohlaka loqalo olumbozwe ngendwangu. Ngenxa yesivinini esiphansi somoya kanye nekhono elilinganiselwe lokukhiqiza indiza, ukugcina ifreyimu ingasindi kakhulu kwakubalulekile futhi ukhuni kwakuwukuphela kwento engenzeka yokukhanya okwanele ukundiza, nokho iqine ngokwanele ukuthwala umthwalo odingekayo.
Kungathatha iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ukuze ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kwande kakhulu.
IMpi Yezwe I
Izindiza zokhuni zenza uphawu lwazo ezinsukwini zokuqala zezindiza, kodwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, i-aluminium engasindi yaqala ukushintsha ukhuni njengengxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa kwendiza.
Ngo-1915 umklami wezindiza waseJalimane u-Hugo Junkers wakha indiza yokuqala yensimbi egcwele emhlabeni wonke; i-Junkers J 1 monoplane. I-fuselage yayo yenziwe nge-aluminium alloy ehlanganisa ithusi, i-magnesium ne-manganese.
AbakwaJunkers J1
I-Golden Age ye-Aviation
Inkathi ephakathi kweMpi Yezwe I neMpi Yezwe II yaziwa ngokuthi i-Golden Age of Aviation
Phakathi neminyaka yawo-1920, abantu baseMelika nabaseYurophu baqhudelana emjahweni wezindiza, okwaholela ekusungulweni kokuklama nokusebenza. Amabhanoyi athathelwe indawo ama-monoplane alula futhi kwaba khona ukushintshela kumafreyimu ensimbi yonke eyenziwe ngama-alloys e-aluminium.
I-"Tin Goose"
Ngo-1925, iFord Motor Co yangena embonini yezindiza. UHenry Ford waklama i-4-AT, indiza enezinjini ezintathu, enensimbi yonke esebenzisa i-aluminiyamu kathayela. Ibizwa ngokuthi “The Tin Goose”, yaba yingoma esheshayo kubagibeli nabaqhubi bezindiza.
Maphakathi nawo-1930s, kwavela isimo esisha sendiza esilula, esinezinjini eziningi eziboshwe ngokuqinile, igiya lokuhlala elihlehlayo, ophephela abashintshashintshayo, kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-aluminium yesikhumba esicindezelekile.
IMpi Yezwe II
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, i-aluminium yayidingeka emisebenzini eminingi yezempi - ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwamafreyimu ezindiza - okwabangela ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium kukhuphuke.
Isidingo se-aluminium sasisikhulu kangangokuthi ngo-1942, i-WOR-NYC yasakaza uhlelo lomsakazo oluthi “Aluminium for Defense” ukuze kukhuthazwe abantu baseMelika ukuthi banikele nge-aluminium eyizinsimbi emzamweni wempi. Ukugaywa kabusha kwe-aluminium kwakhuthazwa, futhi “Amadrayivu e-Tinfoil” anikeza amathikithi e-movie amahhala uma eshintshana namabhola e-aluminium ecwecwe.
Esikhathini esisuka kuJulayi 1940 kuya ku-Agasti 1945, i-US yakhiqiza indiza eyi-296,000 emangalisayo. Ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yenziwa ikakhulukazi nge-aluminium. Imboni ye-aerospace yaseMelika ikwazile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamasosha aseMelika, kanye nabalingani baseMelika kubandakanya neBrithani. Esiqongweni sazo ngo-1944, izikhungo zezindiza zaseMelika zazikhiqiza izindiza ezingu-11 ihora ngalinye.
Ekupheleni kwempi, iMelika yaba nebutho lezindiza elinamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Isikhathi samanje
Kusukela ekupheleni kwempi, i-aluminium isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa kwezindiza. Ngenkathi ukwakheka kwama-alloys e-aluminium sekuthuthukile, izinzuzo ze-aluminium zihlala zifana. I-Aluminium ivumela abaklami ukuba bakhe indiza elula ngangokunokwenzeka, ekwazi ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo, esebenzisa inani elincane likaphethiloli futhi elingakwazi ukugqwala.
I-Concorde
Ekwenziweni kwezindiza zesimanje, i-aluminium isetshenziswa yonke indawo. I-Concorde, ebindizisa abagibeli ngesivinini esingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili komsindo iminyaka engu-27, yakhiwe ngesikhumba se-aluminium.
I-Boeing 737, ibhanoyi lendiza elithengiswa kakhulu elenze ukuhamba ngendiza kubantu abaningi kwaba ngokoqobo, ingama-80% e-aluminium.
Izindiza zanamuhla zisebenzisa i-aluminium ku-fuselage, amafasitelana amaphiko, iphini lokuqondisa, amapayipi e-exhaust, umnyango naphansi, izihlalo, izinjini zezinjini, nezinsimbi ze-cockpit.
Ukuhlola indawo
I-aluminium iyigugu hhayi nje ezindizeni kodwa nasemkhathini, lapho isisindo esiphansi esihambisana namandla amakhulu sibaluleke nakakhulu. Ngo-1957, iSoviet Union yethula isathelayithi yokuqala, iSputnik 1, eyenziwe ngengxube ye-aluminium.
Yonke imikhumbi-mkhathi yesimanje yakhiwe ngo-50% kuya ku-90% we-aluminium alloy. Ama-alloys e-aluminium asetshenziswe kakhulu emkhathini we-Apollo, esiteshini sasemkhathini sase-Skylab, i-Space Shuttles kanye ne-International Space Station.
Umkhumbi-mkhathi we-Orion - okwamanje usathuthukiswa - uhloselwe ukuvumela ukuhlola komuntu ama-asteroids ne-Mars. Umkhiqizi, u-Lockheed Martin, ukhethe ingxubevange ye-aluminium-lithium yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesakhiwo se-Orion.
I-Skylab Space Station
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-20-2023